由于石油泄漏，许多鸟类死亡。

A lot of birds died ___as ___a ___consequence of the oil spill.

意大利的影响非常强烈，因此，在斯洛文尼亚，尤其是学生中，带有不同酱汁的意大利面很常见。

The influence from Italy is very strong and, ___as ___a ___consequence, pasta with different sauces is common in Slovenia, especially among students.

他没有学习，因此，他没有通过考试。

He failed to study, and ___as ___a ___consequence, he didn't pass the exam.