通过惨痛的经历,她了解到他是不可信的。

She learned through bitter experience that he was not to be trusted.

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She learned through bitter experience that he was not to be trusted.

bitter 的本义是"苦的",形容味道时指像咖啡、苦瓜那样的味道。在比喻用法中,bitter 可以表示"痛苦的、令人不快的",强调经历或情感上的难受和煎熬。 bitter experience 指"痛苦的经历",强调这种经历让人感到难受和后悔。

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