许多移民从建筑或农业的体力劳动开始。

Many immigrants start with ___manual labor in construction or agriculture.

自动化正在越来越多地取代工厂装配线上的体力工作。

Automation is increasingly replacing ___manual jobs on factory assembly lines.

学徒期包括课堂学习和动手的体力劳动。

The apprenticeship involves both classroom learning and hands-on ___manual work.