He took the opportunity to ask for a promotion.

took 是动词 take 的过去式，意思是"抓住、利用"。 the 是定冠词，特指某个特定的机会。 opportunity 是名词，意思是"机会、时机"。 to 是不定式符号，后面接动词原形 ask，表示目的。 took the opportunity to 是一个固定搭配，意思是"抓住机会做某事"。