我们的论点需要来自严格分析的实证数据支持。

Our argument needs to be supported by ___empirical data from a rigorous analysis.

她在心理学上的假设不仅仅是推测，而是基于实证观察。

Her hypothesis in psychology was not merely speculative but grounded in ___empirical observation.

真正的科学进步依赖于实证证据，而非未经检验的信念。

True scientific progress depends on ___empirical evidence rather than on untested beliefs.