She came up against a lot of sexism in her first engineering job.

came 是动词 come 的过去式，表示"来、到达"的动作。 up 是副词，表示"向上"或"完全"的意思。 against 是介词，表示"反对、对抗"或"面对"。 came up against 是一个短语动词，意思是"遇到、面临（困难或反对）"，强调意外遭遇某种阻碍或挑战。